A Model Earth-sized Planet in the Habitable Zone of α Centauri A/B

Autor(en)
Haiyang S. Wang, Charles H. Lineweaver, Sascha P. Quanz, Stephen J. Mojzsis, Trevor R. Ireland, Paolo A. Sossi, Fabian Seidler, Thierry Morel
Abstrakt

The bulk chemical composition and interior structure of rocky exoplanets are fundamentally important to understand their long-term evolution and potential habitability. Observations of the chemical compositions of solar system rocky bodies and of other planetary systems have increasingly shown a concordant picture that the chemical composition of rocky planets reflects that of their host stars for refractory elements, whereas this expression breaks down for volatiles. This behavior is explained by devolatilization during planetary formation and early evolution. Here we apply a devolatilization model calibrated with solar system bodies to the chemical composition of our nearest Sun-like stars - α Centauri A and B - to estimate the bulk composition of any habitable-zone rocky planet in this binary system ("α-Cen-Earth"). Through further modeling of likely planetary interiors and early atmospheres, we find that, compared to Earth, such a planet is expected to have (i) a reduced (primitive) mantle that is similarly dominated by silicates, albeit enriched in carbon-bearing species (graphite/diamond); (ii) a slightly larger iron core, with a core mass fraction of 38.4-5.1+4.7 wt% (see Earth's 32.5 ± 0.3 wt%); (iii) an equivalent water-storage capacity; and (iv) a CO2-CH4-H2O-dominated early atmosphere that resembles that of Archean Earth. Further taking into account its ∼25% lower intrinsic radiogenic heating from long-lived radionuclides, an ancient α-Cen-Earth (∼1.5-2.5 Gyr older than Earth) is expected to have less efficient mantle convection and planetary resurfacing, with a potentially prolonged history of stagnant-lid regimes.

Organisation(en)
Department für Lithosphärenforschung
Externe Organisation(en)
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, National Center of Competence in Research PlanetS, Australian National University, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, University of Colorado, Boulder, University of Queensland, Université de Liège
Journal
Astrophysical Journal
Band
927
ISSN
0004-637X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac4e8c
Publikationsdatum
03-2022
Peer-reviewed
Ja
ÖFOS 2012
105105 Geochemie
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science
Link zum Portal
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/2305d6c7-9c83-43a0-833d-7e56c3e388d2