Assessment of anthropogenic pollution in Guanabara Bay (SE Brazil) through biogeochemical data and stable isotope mixing models

Autor(en): Thaise Machado Senez-Mello, Maria Virgínia Alves Martins, Paulo Alves de Lima Ferreira, Rubens Figueira, Wellen Fernanda Louzada Castelo, Fabrício Leandro Damasceno, Johann Hohenegger, Egberto Pereira, Wânia Duleba, Mauro Cesar Gerardes
Abstrakt: This work intends to identify pollution sources along the margins of Guanabara Bay (GB; SE Brazil) through a multiproxy approach and Bayesian stable isotopic mixture model (BSIMM). For this purpose, 33 surface sediment samples were collected and analyzed for granulometry, geochemistry (heavy metals, total organic carbon—TOC, stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen—δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N, Rock–Eval pyrolysis parameters—REPP), and physicochemical parameters. Metal concentrations (E) dissolved in water (E_W), adsorbed by organic matter (E_OM) and by Mn hydroxides (E_Mn), and total extracted concentrations (E_T) were analyzed. Sampling was conducted in 2018 after an oil spill from Reduc Oil Refinery. Potential Ecological risk index (PERI), based on metals, classified 85% of the analyzed stations as having moderate to considerable ecological risk. The metals with the potential to cause the highest ecological risk were Cd_W, Cd_OM, Pb_OM, and Hg_OM. The combination of BSIMM and REPP data was an effective proxy for oil spill detection by indicating the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Relatively high TOC contents suggested that the analyzed stations are eutrophicated environments. BSIMM discriminated three groups of stations with different sources of organic matter (OM), endorsing the result previously shown by the cluster analysis: (A) Niterói region, Botafogo marina, Glória marina, Fiscal and Fundão islands with diffuse sources of OM, including marine phytoplankton and material of continental origin from highly polluted rivers and domestic sewage; (B) region near Fundão and Governador islands and Mangue Channel outlet with OM (≃70%) supplied by highly polluted streams and a small contribution of PAHs; (C) Duque de Caxias and Botafogo-Urca inlet with significant contributions of PAHs, materials from C-3 plants and rivers polluted by urban sewage. Results of linear regressions in conjunction with BSIMM indicate that Hg_Mn and Pb_OM mainly affect Group A’s stations. Although the eastern margin of GB (Niterói; Group A) showed greater oceanic interaction than the other groups, it presented substantial concentrations of metals, potentially harmful (i.e., Hg and Pb) to marine biota and human health.
Organisation(en): Institut für Paläontologie
Externe Organisation(en): Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, University of Aveiro, Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Journal: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Band: 31
Seiten: 32972-32997
Anzahl der Seiten: 26
ISSN: 0944-1344
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33144-w
Publikationsdatum: 05-2024
Peer-reviewed: Ja
ÖFOS 2012: 105118 Paläontologie
Schlagwörter
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete: Environmental Chemistry, Pollution, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 3 – Gesundheit und Wohlergehen, SDG 11 – Nachhaltige Städte und Gemeinden, SDG 14 – Leben unter Wasser
Link zum Portal: https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/3cca2aa5-e3f9-493b-9fd5-b6917376bded

Zurück