Sulphur and carbon isotopes as tracers of past sub-seafloor microbial activity

Autor(en)
Patrick Meister, Benjamin Brunner, Aude Picard, Michael E. Böttcher, Bo Barker Jørgensen
Abstrakt

Microbial life below the seafloor has changed over geological time, but these changes are often not obvious, as they are not recorded in the sediment. Sulphur (S) isotope values in pyrite extracted from a Plio- to Holocene sequence of the Peru Margin (Ocean Drilling Program, ODP, Site 1229) show a down-core pattern that correlates with the pattern of carbon (C) isotopes in diagenetic dolomite. Early formation of the pyrite is indicated by the mineralogical composition of iron, showing a high degree of pyritization throughout the sedimentary sequence. Hence, the S-record could not have been substantially overprinted by later pyrite formation. The S-and C-isotope profiles show, thus, evidence for two episodes of enhanced microbial methane production with a very shallow sulphate-methane transition zone. The events of high activity are correlated with zones of elevated organic C content in the stratigraphic sequence. Our results demonstrate how isotopic signatures preserved in diagenetic mineral phases provide information on changes of past biogeochemical activity in a dynamic sub-seafloor biosphere.

Organisation(en)
Institut für Geologie
Externe Organisation(en)
University of Texas at El Paso, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Leibniz-Institut für Ostseeforschung, Aarhus University, Max-Planck-Institut für marine Mikrobiologie
Journal
Scientific Reports
Band
9
Anzahl der Seiten
9
ISSN
2045-2322
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-36943-7
Publikationsdatum
01-2019
Peer-reviewed
Ja
ÖFOS 2012
105128 Geomikrobiologie, 105105 Geochemie
Schlagwörter
Link zum Portal
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/675b90cd-d87f-4d82-9dc8-112720383d28