The Fossil Record and Diversity of Pycnodontiform Fishes in Non-Marine Environments

Autor(en)
John J. Cawley, Jürgen Kriwet
Abstrakt

Pycnodont fishes were a successful clade of neopterygian fishes that are predominantly found in shallow marine deposits. However, throughout their long 180 million year reign (Late Triassic–end Eocene), they made multiple incursions into both brackish and freshwater environments. This fossil record mostly consists of fragmentary dental material, but articulated specimens are known from Early Cretaceous lacustrine localities in Spain. This review article aims to document all non-marine occurrences of Pycnodontiformes throughout most of the Mesozoic and early Paleogene. This review highlights two interesting trends in the history of non-marine habitat colonization by pycnodonts: (1) a huge spike in non-marine occurrences during the Cretaceous; and (2) that most occurrences in non-marine localities occurred at the latest Cretaceous period, the Maastrichtian. The high number of colonization events within the Cretaceous lines up with extreme climatic events, such as high temperatures resulting in high sea levels which regularly flooded continental masses, allowing pycnodonts easier access to non-marine habitats. The increased presence of pycnodonts in brackish and freshwater habitats during the Maastrichtian might have played a role in their survival through the K/Pg extinction event. Freshwater habitats are not as vulnerable as marine ecosystems to environmental disturbance as the base of their food chain relies on detritus. Pycnodonts might have used such environments as a refuge and began to occupy marine waters after the K/Pg extinction event.

Organisation(en)
Institut für Paläontologie
Journal
Diversity
Band
16
Seiten
1-38
Anzahl der Seiten
38
ISSN
1424-2818
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/d16040225
Publikationsdatum
04-2024
Peer-reviewed
Ja
ÖFOS 2012
105118 Paläontologie
Schlagwörter
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete
Ecology, Ecological Modelling, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Nature and Landscape Conservation
Sustainable Development Goals
SDG 14 – Leben unter Wasser, SDG 15 – Leben an Land
Link zum Portal
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/b0713901-8f58-4b96-982f-55a74f82d99a