Stellar feedback is driving sequential star formation in the Sco-Cen association

Autor(en)
Laura Posch, João Alves, Nuria Miret-Roig, Sebastian Ratzenböck, Josefa Großschedl, Stefan Meingast
Abstrakt

Building on the recent discovery of multiple chains of clusters in the Scorpius Centaurus (Sco-Cen) OB association, we propose that stellar feedback commonly generates spatiotemporal patterns over multiple star formation epochs. We identify four cluster chains within Sco-Cen: one in Corona Australis, another in Lower Centaurus Crux, and two in Upper Scorpius. Focusing on the Corona Australis (CrA) chain of clusters as a case study, we examine the 3D space motion of its member stars using Gaia DR3 and APOGEE-2 data, revealing expansion gradients along all dimensions. Specifically, the expansion along the vertical axis, W vs. Z, exhibits a curved pattern, the first time such a non-linear velocity-position relation has been observed for stellar clusters. We propose a scenario to explain our findings wherein the observed gradient is a result of stellar feedback from the massive older clusters. This feedback continuously accelerates the molecular cloud away from its initial location towards the center of Sco-Cen, with an initial acceleration rate of approximately 0.6 km/s/Myr. A traceback analysis confirms that, about 10 Myr ago, at the time of cluster formation, the CrA star formation complex was located near massive clusters offering a natural source of feedback. Based on the velocity of the youngest unbound CrA cluster, we estimate that approximately two supernovae would have been sufficient to inject the present-day kinetic energy of the CrA molecular cloud. The head-tail morphology observed in the remaining molecular gas additionally supports the scenario of cluster chain formation through stellar feedback. The discovery of multiple spatially and temporally well-defined star formation patterns in Sco-Cen emphasizes the significant role of stellar feedback processes in star formation.

Organisation(en)
Institut für Astrophysik, Forschungsgruppe Visualization and Data Analysis, Forschungsverbund Data Science
Externe Organisation(en)
Universität zu Köln
Publikationsdatum
07-2024
Peer-reviewed
Ja
ÖFOS 2012
103003 Astronomie, 103004 Astrophysik
Link zum Portal
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/e79a18ea-ce50-452c-ac23-8c8debe0378d