Geography for AI sustainability and sustainability for GeoAI

Autor(en)
Meilin Shi, Krzysztof Janowicz, Judith Verstegen, Kitty Currier, Nina Wiedemann, Gengchen Mai, Ivan Majic, Zilong Liu, Rui Zhu
Abstrakt

Recent years have witnessed a boom in the development of multimodal large-scale generative AI models. These computationally intensive AI models, such as GPT-4, and their associated data centers have undergone increasing scrutiny in terms of their energy consumption and carbon emissions. As awareness of the energy costs and carbon footprints of AI models grows, attention has broadened to include other sustainability-related aspects such as their water consumption, transparency, and further environmental and social implications. In this work, we examine existing tools, frameworks, and evaluation metrics, complementing the ongoing discussions regarding AI’s environmental sustainability with a geographic perspective. This work, on the one hand, contributes to a geographically aware sustainability evaluation of current AI models. On the other hand, it examines the unique characteristics and challenges of GeoAI models, hoping to engage the GeoAI community in the sustainability discussion. Moving forward, we outline future directions on systematic reporting and geographically aware assessment. We then propose potential solutions, such as the adoption of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) models. Ultimately, we encourage future GeoAI research to acknowledge and address their environmental and social impact, thereby guiding GeoAI toward a more transparent, responsible, and sustainable future.

Organisation(en)
Institut für Geographie und Regionalforschung
Externe Organisation(en)
Utrecht University, University of California, Santa Barbara, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, University of Texas, Austin, University of Bristol
Journal
Cartography and Geographic Information Science
Band
52
Seiten
331-349
Anzahl der Seiten
19
ISSN
1523-0406
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2025.2479796
Publikationsdatum
04-2025
Peer-reviewed
Ja
ÖFOS 2012
102001 Artificial Intelligence, 507027 Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung
Schlagwörter
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete
Geography, Planning and Development, Management of Technology and Innovation, Civil and Structural Engineering
Link zum Portal
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/f4b2adc2-51ba-4073-a16e-b06e9bdd8b0f