Nano electrospray gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis (nES GEMMA) of liposomes
- Author(s)
- Victor U. Weiss, Carlos Urey, Andreas Gondikas, Monika Golesne, Gernot Friedbacher, Frank Von Der Kammer, Thilo Hofmann, Roland Andersson, György Marko-Varga, Martina Marchetti-Deschmann, Günter Allmaier
- Abstract
Liposomes are biodegradable nanoparticle vesicles consisting of a lipid bilayer encapsulating an aqueous core. Entrapped cargo material is shielded from the extra-vesicular medium and sustained release of encapsulated material can be achieved. However, application of liposomes as nano-carriers demands their characterization concerning size and size distribution, particle-number concentration, occurrence of vesicle building blocks in solution and determination of the resulting vesicle encapsulation capacity. These questions can be targeted via gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis (GEMMA) based on a nano electrospray (nES) charge-reduction source. This instrument separates single-charged nanoparticles in the gas-phase according to size in a high-laminar sheath-flow by means of an orthogonal, tunable electric field. nES GEMMA analysis enables to confirm liposome integrity after passage through the instrument (in combination with atomic force microscopy) as well as to exclude vesicle aggregation. Additionally, nanoparticle diameters at peak apexes and size distribution data are obtained. Differences of hydrodynamic and dry particle diameter values, as well as the effect of number- and mass-based concentration data analysis on obtained liposome diameters are shown. Furthermore, the repeatability of liposome preparation is studied, especially upon incorporation of PEGylated lipids in the bilayer. Finally, the instruments applicability to monitor mechanical stress applied to vesicles is demonstrated.
- Organisation(s)
- External organisation(s)
- Technische Universität Wien, Lund University
- Journal
- The Analyst
- Volume
- 141
- Pages
- 6042-6050
- No. of pages
- 9
- ISSN
- 0003-2654
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1039/c6an00687f
- Publication date
- 11-2016
- Peer reviewed
- Yes
- Austrian Fields of Science 2012
- 210001 Nanoanalytics, 104023 Environmental chemistry, 104002 Analytical chemistry, 105906 Environmental geosciences
- Keywords
- ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry, Spectroscopy, Electrochemistry, Environmental Chemistry
- Portal url
- https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/19ee4940-4bd4-4d8d-b8de-f2314c7d4206