Uptake of phytodetritus by benthic foraminifera under oxygen depletion at the Indian margin (Arabian Sea)

Author(s)

Annekatrin Enge, Ursula Witte, Michal Kucera, Petra Heinz

Abstract

Benthic foraminifera in sediments on the Indian margin of the Arabian Sea, where the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) impinges on the continental slope, are exposed to particularly severe levels of oxygen depletion. Food supply for the benthic community is high but delivered in distinct pulses during upwelling and water mixing events associated with summer and winter monsoon periods. In order to investigate the response by benthic foraminifera to such pulsed food delivery

under oxygen concentrations of less than 0.1mL L⁻¹ (4.5 μmol L⁻¹), an in situ isotope labeling experiment (¹³C, ¹⁵N) was performed on the western continental slope of India at 540m water depth (OMZ core region). The assemblage of living foraminifera (> 125 μm) in the uppermost centimeter at this depth is characterized by an unexpectedly high population density of 3982 individuals 10 cm⁻² and a strong dominance by few calcareous species. For the experiment,

we concentrated on the nine most abundant taxa, which constitute

93% of the entire foraminiferal population at 0–1 cm sediment depth. Increased concentrations of 13C and 15N in the cytoplasm indicate that all investigated taxa took up labeled phytodetritus during the 4 day experimental phase. In total, these nine species had assimilated 113.8 mg C m⁻² (17.5% of the total added carbon). Uptake of nitrogen by the three most abundant taxa (Bolivina aff. B. dilatata, Cassidulina sp., Bulimina gibba) was 2.7 mg N m⁻² (2% of the total added nitrogen). The response to the offered phytodetritus varied largely among foraminiferal species with Uvigerina schwageri being by far the most important species in short-term processing, whereas the most abundant taxa Bolivina

aff. B. dilatata and Cassidulina sp. showed comparably low uptake of the offered food. We suggest the observed species-specific differences are related to species biomass and specific feeding preferences. In summary, the experiment in the OMZ core region shows rapid processing of fresh phytodetritus by foraminifera under almost anoxic conditions. The uptake of large amounts of organic matter by few species within four days suggests that foraminifera may play an important role in short-term carbon cycling in the OMZ core region on the Indian margin.

Organisation(s)

Department of Palaeontology

External organisation(s)

University of Aberdeen, Universität Bremen

Journal

Biogeosciences

Volume

11

Pages

2017-2026

No. of pages

10

ISSN

1726-4170

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2017-2014

Publication date

04-2014

Peer reviewed

Yes

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

106054 Zoology, 105118 Palaeontology

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Earth-Surface Processes, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Portal url

https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/442b6177-322c-4b3d-b1fd-cbf439529b0b