Schwarzschild modelling of barred s0 galaxy NGC 4371

Author(s)
Behzad Tahmasebzadeh, Ling Zhu, Juntai Shen, Dimitri A. Gadotti, Monica Valluri, Sabine Thater, Glenn Van De Ven, Yunpeng Jin, Ortwin Gerhard, Peter Erwin, Prashin Jethwa, Alice Zocchi, Edward J. Lilley, Francesca Fragkoudi, Adriana De Lorenzo-Cáceres, Jairo Mendez-Abreu, Justus Neumann, Rui Guo
Abstract

We apply the barred Schwarzschild method developed by Tahmasebzadeh et al. (2022) to a barred S0 galaxy, NGC 4371, observed by IFU instruments from the TIMER and ATLAS3D projects. We construct the gravitational potential by combining a fixed black hole mass, a spherical dark matter halo, and stellar mass distribution deprojected from 3.6 μm SG image considering an axisymmetric disc and a triaxial bar. We independently modelled kinematic data from TIMER and ATLAS3D. Both models fit the data remarkably well. We find a consistent bar pattern speed from the two sets of models with and, respectively. The dimensionless bar rotation parameter is determined to be, indicating a likely slow bar in NGC 4371. Additionally, our model predicts a high amount of dark matter within the bar region (), which, aligned with the predictions of cosmological simulations, indicates that fast bars are generally found in baryon-dominated discs. Based on the best-fitting model, we further decompose the galaxy into multiple 3D orbital structures, including a BP/X bar, a classical bulge, a nuclear disc, and a main disc. The BP/X bar is not perfectly included in the input 3D density model, but BP/X-supporting orbits are picked through the fitting to the kinematic data. This is the first time a real barred galaxy has been modelled utilizing the Schwarzschild method including a 3D bar.

Organisation(s)
Department of Astrophysics
External organisation(s)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of Michigan, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, European Southern Observatory (Germany), Durham University, Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie
Journal
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume
534
Pages
861-882
No. of pages
22
ISSN
0035-8711
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2109
Publication date
10-2024
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
103003 Astronomy, 103004 Astrophysics
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/5296c482-0cca-4b2b-8be8-33daff4f2482