oMEGACat. II. Photometry and Proper Motions for 1.4 Million Stars in Omega Centauri and Its Rotation in the Plane of the Sky

Author(s): Maximilian Häberle, N. Neumayer, A. Bellini, M. Libralato, C. Clontz, A. C. Seth, M. S. Nitschai, S. Kamann, M. Alfaro-Cuello, J. Anderson, S. Dreizler, A. Feldmeier-Krause, N. Kacharov, M. Latour, A. P. Milone, R. Pechetti, G. van de Ven, K. Voggel
Abstract: Omega Centauri (ω Cen) is the most massive globular cluster of the Milky Way. It is thought to be the nucleus of an accreted dwarf galaxy because of its high mass and its complex stellar populations. To decipher its formation history and study its dynamics, we created the most comprehensive kinematic catalog for its inner region, by analyzing both archival and new Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data. Our catalog contains 1,395,781 proper-motion measurements out to the half-light radius of the cluster ( ∼ 5.0 ′ ) and down to m _F625W ≈ 25 mag. The typical baseline for our proper-motion measurements is 20 yr, leading to a median 1D proper motion precision of ∼11 μas yr⁻¹ for stars with m _F625W ≈ 18 mag, with even better precision (∼6.6 μas yr⁻¹) achieved in the extensively observed centermost ( r < 1.5 ′ ) region. In addition to our astrometric measurements, we also obtained precise HST photometry in seven filters spanning from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared. This allows detailed color-magnitude diagram studies and separation of the multiple stellar populations of the cluster. In this work, we describe the data reduction used to obtain both the photometric and the proper-motion measurements. We also illustrate the creation and the content of our catalog, which is made publicly available. Finally, we present measurements of the plane-of-sky rotation of ω Cen in the previously unprobed inner few arcminutes and a precise measurement of the inclination, i = 43.°9 ± 1.°3.
Organisation(s): Department of Astrophysics
External organisation(s): Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Space Telescope Science Institute, Osservatorio Astronomico, University of Utah, Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), Universidad Central de Chile, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam, University of Padova, Université de Strasbourg
Journal: Astrophysical Journal
Volume: 970
ISSN: 0004-637X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad47f5
Publication date: 08-2024
Peer reviewed: Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012: 103003 Astronomy, 103004 Astrophysics
ASJC Scopus subject areas: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science
Portal url: https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/6e86d2d4-66b2-40f4-b01c-8df76eb57c48

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