Characterisation of the warm-Jupiter TOI-1130 system with CHEOPS and a photo-dynamical approach

Author(s): , L. Borsato, D. Degen, A. Leleu, M. J. Hooton, J. A. Egger, A. Bekkelien, A. Brandeker, A. Collier Cameron, M. N. Günther, V. Nascimbeni, C. M. Persson, A. Bonfanti, T. G. Wilson, A. C.M. Correia, T. Zingales, T. Guillot, A. H.M.J. Triaud, G. Piotto, D. Gandolfi, L. Abe, Y. Alibert, R. Alonso, T. Bárczy, D. Barrado Navascues, S. C.C. Barros, W. Baumjohann, T. Beck, P. Bendjoya, W. Benz, N. Billot, C. Broeg, M. D. Busch, Sz Csizmadia, P. E. Cubillos, M. B. Davies, M. Deleuil, A. Deline, L. Delrez, O. D.S. Demangeon, B. O. Demory, A. Derekas, B. Edwards, D. Ehrenreich, A. Erikson, A. Fortier, L. Fossati, M. Fridlund, M. Güdel, M. Mecina, R. Ottensamer
Abstract: Context. Among the thousands of exoplanets discovered to date, approximately a few hundred gas giants on short-period orbits are classified as 'lonely'and only a few are in a multi-planet system with a smaller companion on a close orbit. The processes that formed multi-planet systems hosting gas giants on close orbits are poorly understood, and only a few examples of this kind of system have been observed and well characterised. Aims. Within the contest of a multi-planet system hosting a gas giant on short orbits, we characterise the TOI-1130 system by measuring masses and orbital parameters. This is a two-transiting planet system with a Jupiter-like planet (c) on a 8.35 days orbit and a Neptune-like planet (b) on an inner (4.07 days) orbit. Both planets show strong anti-correlated transit timing variations (TTVs). Furthermore, radial velocity (RV) analysis showed an additional linear trend, a possible hint of a non-transiting candidate planet on a far outer orbit. Methods. Since 2019, extensive transit and radial velocity observations of the TOI-1130 have been acquired using TESS and various ground-based facilities. We present a new photo-dynamical analysis of all available transit and RV data, with the addition of new CHEOPS and ASTEP+ data, which achieve the best precision to date on the planetary radii and masses and on the timings of each transit. Results. We were able to model interior structure of planet b constraining the presence of a gaseous envelope of H/He, while it was not possible to assess the possible water content. Furthermore, we analysed the resonant state of the two transiting planets, and we found that they lie just outside the resonant region. This could be the result of the tidal evolution that the system underwent. We obtained both masses of the planets with a precision of less than 1.5%, and radii with a precision of about 1% and 3% for planet b and c, respectively.
Organisation(s): Department of Astrophysics
External organisation(s): Osservatorio Astronomico, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Université de Genève, Universität Bern, University of Cambridge, Stockholm University, University of St. Andrews, Science and Operations Department - Science Division (SCI-SC), Chalmers University of Technology, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW), University of Warwick, Universidade de Coimbra, University of Turin, University of Padova, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, University of Birmingham, Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Admatis Ltd., Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Universidade do Porto, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR), INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Lund University, Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Liège, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Eötvös Loránd University Budapest, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research , Leiden University
Journal: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume: 689
No. of pages: 21
ISSN: 0004-6361
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450974
Publication date: 09-2024
Peer reviewed: Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012: 103003 Astronomy, 103004 Astrophysics, 103038 Space exploration
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science
Portal url: https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/a751d160-bb90-4b16-85e5-68fc2f12c045

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