Middle Jurassic charophytes from southern Tunisia: Implications on evolution and paleobiogeography

Author(s)
Lassad Tiss, Khaled Trabelsi, Fekri Kamoun, Mohamed Soussi, Yassine Houla, Benjamin Sames, Carles Martín-Closas
Abstract

The Middle Jurassic section from the Kef El Anéba in southern Tunisia, near the Beni Kheddache area, provided exceptionally species-rich charophyte assemblages that are studied here for the first time. The Krachoua Formation yielded a Bajocian assemblage composed of Porochara fusca, P. schudackii nov sp., P. kimmeridgensis, P. westerbeckensis, Auerbachichara saidakovskyi, Stenochara sp., Stellatochara aff. subsphaerica, Aclistochara longiformis and Aclistochara africana. A second assemblage from the Krechem El Miit Member (Foum Tataouine Formation), of Late Callovian age, includes Auerbachichara tataouinensis nov. sp., Porochara kimmeridgensis, P. westerbeckensis, P. douzensis, P. obovata var. gondwanensis nov. var. and Mesochara voluta. Taphonomic and paleoenvironmental data suggest autochthony of these two assemblages in a brackish lagoon and a temporary freshwater pond from a littoral environment, respectively. In addition, these floras suggest that Middle Jurassic charophyte biodiversity formed an evolutionary bridge between Upper Triassic charophyte floras dominated by genera Stellatochara, Stenochara and Auerbachichara and Upper Jurassic floras dominated by Porochara, Aclistochara and Mesochara. Furthermore, the biogeography of Middle Jurassic charophytes from southern Tunisia provides further arguments to support the hypothesis of significant biological exchanges between Laurasian and Gondwanan islands, indicating that Peri-tethyan biogeography remained relatively uniform during the Middle Jurassic.

Organisation(s)
Department of Geology
External organisation(s)
Université de Sfax, Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, Université de Tunis, Office National des Mines, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Journal
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
Volume
263
Pages
65-84
No. of pages
20
ISSN
0034-6667
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2019.01.011
Publication date
04-2019
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
105117 Palaeobotany, 105123 Stratigraphy
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Palaeontology
Sustainable Development Goals
SDG 15 - Life on Land
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/d8d8eeac-33be-4532-8a73-d0cff7b03e52