Zygomycetes in vesicular basanites from Vesteris Seamount, Greenland Basin – A new type of cryptoendolithic fungi
- Author(s)
- Magnus Ivarsson, Jörn Ludwig Peckmann, Andreas Tehler, Curt Broman, Wolfgang Bach, Katharina Behrens, Joachim Reitner, Michael E. Böttcher, Lena Norbäck Ivarsson
- Abstract
Fungi have been recognized as a frequent colonizer of subseafloor basalt but a substantial understanding of their abundance, diversity and ecological role in this environment is still lacking. Here we report fossilized cryptoendolithic fungal communities represented by mainly Zygomycetes and minor Ascomycetes in vesicles of dredged volcanic rocks (basanites) from the Vesteris Seamount in the Greenland Basin. Zygomycetes had not been reported from subseafloor basalt previously. Different stages in zygospore formation are documented in the studied samples, representing a reproduction cycle. Spore structures of both Zygomycetes and Ascomycetes are mineralized by romanechite-like Mn oxide phases, indicating an involvement in Mn(II) oxidation to form Mn(III, VI) oxides. Zygospores still exhibit a core of carbonaceous matter due to their resistance to degradation. The fungi are closely associated with fossiliferous marine sediments that have been introduced into the vesicles. At the contact to sediment infillings, fungi produced haustoria that penetrated and scavenged on the remains of fragmented marine organisms. It is most likely that such marine debris is the main carbon source for fungi in shallow volcanic rocks, which favored the establishment of vital colonies.
- Organisation(s)
- Department of Geology
- External organisation(s)
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm University, Universität Bremen, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Södertörn University, Leibniz-Institut für Ostseeforschung
- Journal
- PLoS ONE
- Volume
- 10
- No. of pages
- 16
- ISSN
- 1932-6203
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133368
- Publication date
- 07-2015
- Peer reviewed
- Yes
- Austrian Fields of Science 2012
- 106001 General biology, 106021 Marine biology
- Keywords
- Sustainable Development Goals
- SDG 14 - Life Below Water
- Portal url
- https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/zygomycetes-in-vesicular-basanites-from-vesteris-seamount-greenland-basin--a-new-type-of-cryptoendolithic-fungi(f49bce8a-22f0-4875-8a59-27f5fe694e38).html